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Relevant Laws

Title：Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Public Banks (2003.06.02)
Article 4     "Financial report" shall mean financial statements, list of major account titles, and other disclosures or explanations under these Regulations to help the users make decisions. A financial statement shall include a balance sheet, income statement, statement of changes in shareholders' equity, cash flow statement, and the footnotes thereto. A Bank, unless newly established, shall prepare the major statements and footnotes thereto referred to in the preceding paragraph by comparing two consecutive periods, and the responsible person, manager, and handling accountant shall sign or seal each page of the statements.
Article 6     In order to thoroughly disclose the information on the financial condition, operating results, and cash flows, the financial reports shall provide notes and explanations on the matters specified below:
  1. Historical changes and development of the Bank and its business scope;
  2. A declaration that the financial statements were prepared in conformance with these Regulations and other applicable acts and regulations (the titles of the acts or regulations shall be expressly stated) and generally accepted accounting principles;
  3. Summary of significant accounting policies and the basis on which they are judged;
  4. Where for some special reason the accounting treatment changes, affecting the comparison of the financial information between the two successive periods, the reason for the change and its effect on the financial statements shall be explained;
  5. If there is a need to note the estimation and valuation basis of any amount in the financial report, it shall be noted.
  6. If any account title contained in the financial report is restricted by any act or regulation, contract, or otherwise, the circumstances, time limit and relevant matters shall be stated;
  7. Significant commitments and contingent liabilities (including off-balance sheet items);
  8. Information relevant to financial products (including derivatives);
  9. Management policies and practices in relation to various risks such as credit, market, liquidity, and operational and legal risks, and exposure to major risks. The following information shall be disclosed under its respective risk category:
    1. Loan asset quality (Form A), lending risk concentration (Form B), losses on loans and advances and policies on reserves and provisions for losses on loans (credit risk);
    2. Information on significant concentration of risks in relation to assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items (credit risk);
    3. Averages of interest assets and interest liabilities and average interest rate during the current period (market risk);
    4. Interest rate sensitivity information (market risk) (Form C);
    5. Net positions in major foreign currencies (market risk);
    6. Profitability and maturity analysis of assets and liabilities (liquidity risk) (Forms D and E);
    7. Special matters (operational and legal risks) (Form F);
  10. Capital adequacy (Form G);
  11. Information on asset securitization;
  12. Trust business activities carried out under the Trust Enterprise Act and the dollar amount;
  13. Policies on reserves and provisions for losses;
  14. Issuance of financial bonds;
  15. Change in capital structure;
  16. Assets provided as collateral;
  17. Addition, expansion, construction, lease, obsolescence, lying idle, sale, transfer or long-term rent of major assets;
  18. Major investments in other enterprises;
  19. Information on transactions with interested parties as a borrower, guarantor or collateral provider (Form H) as well as significant transactions with other related parties;
  20. Loss caused by major disasters;
  21. Progression or conclusion of material litigation;
  22. Signing, completion, cancellation, or voidance of material contracts;
  23. Information related to employee pension funds;
  24. Major organizational adjustments and significant reforms to management system;
  25. Material effects of changes in government acts and regulations;
  26. Segment financial information;
  27. Material effect of suspension of business;
  28. Transfer of the major part of business and assets/liabilities from or to another financial institution;
  29. Where the Bank is a subsidiary of a financial holding company, allocation of the revenue, cost, expense, and gain/loss incurred between it and the financial holding company or any other subsidiary in their business interchanges or transactions, joint business promotion, information sharing, and common use of business facilities or premises.
  30. Other disclosures necessary to avoid misleading users or to facilitate the fair presentation of the financial report.
Article 7     Notes shall be provided with respect to any of the following subsequent events occurring from the balance sheet date to the financial report submission date:
  1. Change in capital structure;
  2. Long-term and short-term borrowings in substantial amounts (exclusive of short-term interbank borrowings and deposits from general customers);
  3. Addition, expansion, construction, lease, obsolescence, lying idle, sale, pledge, or transfer of major assets;
  4. Major investments in other enterprises;
  5. Loss caused by major disasters;
  6. Significant asset deterioration and loan write-offs;
  7. Progression or conclusion of material litigations;
  8. Signing, completion, cancellation, or voidance of material contracts;
  9. Major organizational adjustments and significant reformation of management system;
  10. Material effects of changes in government acts and regulations;
  11. Other significant events or measures capable of affecting the financial condition, operating results, or cash flows.
Article 8     It is advisable for the assets and liabilities of a Bank to be classified according to their nature and listed in order of relative liquidity.
Article 10     The liability account categories on the balance sheet, content thereof, and matters to be noted are as follows:
  1. "Due to the Central Bank and other banks" means deposits due to the Central Bank and other banks and overdrafts with and loans from other banks.
  2. "Payables" includes accounts payable, interest payable, income distribution payable, acceptances, and other payables.
    1. Accounts payable shall be valued at present value. However, those which result from operating activities and which become mature within one year may be valued at book value. Accounts payable resulting from operating activities shall be separately recorded from other accounts payable resulting from non-operating activities. Accounts of large value payable to related parties shall be separately disclosed. For secured accounts payable, name of collateral and book value shall be indicated. However, the same is not required for accounts receivable factoring.
    2. "Interest payable" means interest due to depositors and otherwise on loans borrowed.
    3. "Income distribution payable" means income distribution payable to trust fund beneficiaries.
    4. "Acceptances" means acceptance of a customer's draft to pay the amount at maturity.
    5. "Other payables" means amounts payable other than notes payable, accounts payable and interest payable, such as taxes payable and dividends payable. For the dividends payable passed by the resolution of the shareholders meeting, the distribution method shall be noted. When losses and profits are calculated for each period, the estimated income tax payable calculated based on taxable income shall be presented under other payables. If any item under other payables exceeds 5% of total payables, it shall be separately recorded based on the nature or party concerned.
  3. "Deposits and remittances" means check, current, term, and savings deposits and remittances.
  4. "Trust funds" means the trust funds under Articles 10 and 110 of the Banking Act, including designated trust funds and discretionary trust funds.
  5. "Borrowings from the Central Bank and other banks" means funds borrowed from the Central Bank with discounted notes or secured loans and funds borrowed from other banks with notes or otherwise.
  6. "Financial bonds payable" means the balance of financial bonds issued.
  7. "Other liabilities" means the liabilities not falling within the above categories, such as operating and liability reserve, other miscellaneous liabilities, etc. When the amount of other liabilities exceeds 5% of total liabilities, the title of the accounts shall be separately recorded. Other liabilities include liabilities from bills and bonds under repurchase agreements, reserve for guarantee obligations, securities trading loss reserve, default loss reserve, deposits received, deferred income tax liabilities, and other miscellaneous liabilities.
    1. "Liabilities from bills and bonds under repurchase agreements" means any dollar amount actually received from the trading counterpart in a repurchase transaction in bills and bonds.
    2. "Reserve for guarantee obligations" means the reserve set aside from various balances of guarantees, based on assessment of actual situation.
    3. "Securities trading loss reserve" means the reserve set aside as required to offset losses on trading securities.
    4. "Default loss reserve" means, with respect to acceptance of an order to buy or sell securities, the reserve set aside from the service charge revenue to cover the loss that may arise from default by the customer.
    5. "Deferred income tax liabilities" means deferred income tax effects of taxable temporary differences.
    6. "Other miscellaneous liabilities" means liabilities not falling within the above categories, such as deferred revenue and premium on forward exchange contract.
Article 11     The shareholders' equity account categories on the balance sheet, content thereof, and matters to be noted are as follows:
  1. "Capital stock" means the capital invested in the Bank by shareholders and applied for registration with the competent authority for company registrations. The type of capital stock, number of authorized shares, number of issued shares, and special terms shall be indicated. If convertible preferred stock and overseas depositary receipts are issued, the place of issue, issuance and conversion methods, converted amount and special terms shall be disclosed.
  2. "Capital reserves" means the premiums generated through capital stock transactions between the Bank and shareholders, usually including premium over shares issued above par value, donations from shareholders, and such others as generated under generally accepted accounting principles. Capital reserves shall be listed separately according to their nature, and circumstances relating to any limits on the utilization thereof shall be disclosed in footnotes.
  3. "Retained earnings" (or "accumulated deficit") means the equity resulting from operating activities, including legal reserve, special reserve, and unappropriated earnings (or deficit to be offset), etc.
    1. Legal reserve means the fixed-percentage reserve required to be allocated by Article 50 of the Banking Act.
    2. Special reserve means the reserve allocated from earnings in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, contracts, articles of incorporation, or resolutions of shareholders meetings.
    3. "Unappropriated earnings" (or "deficit to be offset") means the undistributed and unappropriated earnings (a deficit to be offset is the loss not yet recouped).
    4. Distribution of earnings or offsetting of deficit shall not be accounted for until approved by the shareholders meeting. However, when an earnings distribution or offsetting of deficit has been proposed, such shall be disclosed in footnotes to the current financial statements.
  4. "Other shareholders' equity items" means other items resulting in increases or decreases to shareholders' equity, usually including unrealized losses on market value decline of long-term equity investments, net losses not recognized as pension costs, translation adjustments, treasury stock, etc.
Article 12     The account structure of the income statement and the contents thereof are as follows:
  1. Revenues and expenses shall be classified by nature, with separate disclosure being made of the primary sources of operating revenues and primary operating expenses.
  2. Except with respect to the following, revenues and expenses shall not be offset against each other:
    1. Where assets and liabilities are allowed to be mutually offset under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 27, the relevant revenues and expenses.
    2. Revenues and expenses related to hedging transactions.
  3. Gains and losses arising from the following shall be presented in net amount:
    1. Transactions in bills and securities and relevant period-end valuations.
    2. Gain/loss on long-term equity investments.
    3. Period-end valuations of foreign currency transactions and foreign currency assets and liabilities.
  4. Operating revenues:
    1. "Interest revenue" means interest revenue arising from financing/lending, investing in bonds, and various deposits.
    2. "Service charge revenue" means revenue arising from executing various procedures for others.
    3. "Gains from trading bills and securities" means grains from trading various securities, dividends, and gains on market price recovery as a result of lower-of-cost-or-market valuation within the range of originally estimated unrealized loss on market price decline.
    4. Gains on long-term equity investments shall be calculated and presented in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5.
    5. "Foreign exchange gains" means gains on foreign currency assets or liabilities actually exchanged and valuated as a result of change in exchange rate and premium amortization with respect to forward foreign exchange transactions, except that effects of exchange rate changes in relation to forward exchange contracts executed by the Bank to hedge net foreign investment risk shall be recorded as an adjustment to shareholders' equity.
    6. "Other operating revenues" means other operating revenues not falling within the above categories.
  5. Operating expenses:
    1. "Interest expenses" means various interest expenses incurred as a result of deposit-taking and otherwise from borrowing of funds.
    2. "Income distribution" means benefits payable to beneficiaries.
    3. "Service charge expenses" means expenses arising from entrusting others with the execution of various procedures.
    4. "Losses on trading bills and securities" means losses arising from trading various bills and securities and unrealized losses on market price decline as a result of valuation.
    5. Losses on long-term equity investments shall be calculated and presented in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5.
    6. "Foreign exchange losses" means losses on foreign currency assets or liabilities actually exchanged and valuated as a result of change in exchange rate and discount amortization with respect to forward foreign exchange transactions, except that effects of exchange rate changes in relation to forward exchange contracts executed by the Bank to hedge net foreign investment risk shall be recorded as an adjustment to shareholders' equity.
    7. "Various provisions" means various provisions set aside by the Bank for allowance for bad debts, reserve for guarantee obligations, securities trading loss reserve, and default loss reserve.
    8. "Operating expenses" means all expenses necessary for the operation of the Bank. Such expenses shall be separately recorded in detail according to actual needs. They are mainly classified as business expenses and administrative expenses.
    9. "Other operating revenues" means other operating revenues not falling within the above categories.
  6. "Non-operating revenues, gains, expenses, and losses" means revenues, gains, expenses, and losses occurring in the current period as a result of non-operating activities, such as gain/loss on disposal of fixed assets.
  7. "Income (loss) from continuing operations" means the net result of the preceding three subparagraphs and shall be separately shown as income (loss) before tax, income tax expenses (benefits), and net income (loss).
  8. "Income (loss) from discontinued operations" means income or loss arising in the current period from disposal or planned disposal of a significant business segment, including operating income (loss) before discontinued operations and gain (loss) on disposal. Gain (loss) on disposal shall be measured on the date on which the decision for the deposal is made. Should there be a loss on such deposal, it shall be recognized promptly; should there be a gain, it shall not be recognized until realization.
  9. "Extraordinary gains and losses" means income items that are distinguished by their unusual nature and by the infrequency of their occurrence. Such items shall be presented separately and shall not be amortized on a yearly basis.
  10. "Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle" shall be presented separately after extraordinary gains and losses.
  11. "Current net income" (or "current net loss") means earnings (or losses) for the current accounting period, which are the aggregate amount of the preceding four subparagraphs.
  12. "Earnings per share" shall be calculated and presented in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 24.
  13. "Income tax" shall be amortized and presented in a manner consistent with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 22.
Article 13     A statement of changes in shareholders' equity is a report to indicate the changes in the elements of shareholders' equity. The statement shall specify the beginning balance for capital stock, capital reserves, retained earnings (or accumulated deficit), and any other shareholders' equity items; increased or decreased items and amounts in the current period; ending balance, etc.
    The contents of retained earnings are as follows:
  1. Beginning balance.
  2. Prior period adjustments to profits and losses: correction of errors in the calculation, recording, and recognition of loss and profit items and in the use of accounting principles and methods for the prior period.
  3. Current net income or net loss.
  4. Allocation of legal reserve, special reserve, and distribution of dividends, etc.
  5. Ending balance. Income tax expense (benefit) arising from such items as prior period adjustments to profits and losses, unrealized profit and loss items not included in current profit and loss but directly recorded under shareholders' equity (e.g. translation adjustments), and change in capital reserves shall be directly included in each such item that will then be shown in net amount.
Article 14     A cash flow statement records inflows and outflows of cash and cash equivalents to summarize the operating, investing, and financing activities of a Bank during a given period. It shall be prepared in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Nos. 17 and 28.
Article 16     A Bank shall make full disclosure of related party transactions in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 6. To determined whether a transaction counterparty is a related party, the substance of the relationship as well as the legal form shall be taken into consideration.
    Except that proof of no control or significant influence is produced, those to which any of the following circumstance applies shall be considered as a related party, and footnote disclosure shall be made of relevant information in financial statements in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 6:
  1. An affiliated enterprise within the meaning given by Chapter VI-I of the Company Act, and its directors, supervisors, and managers.
  2. A company or institution under the control of the same general management division, and its directors, supervisors, and managers.
  3. Personnel in the general management division with the level of manager or above.
  4. A company or institution listed as an affiliated enterprise in its external publications or printed materials.
Article 18     Financial forecasts shall be prepared and presented in accordance with relevant acts and regulations and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 16.
Article 20     If financial forecasts are likely to be misleading due to errors, or if changes in basic assumptions cause significant impact on financial forecasts, a Bank shall make correction or renewal within a prescribed time limit and make a public announcement and file a report with the competent authority accordingly.
Article 21     A Bank shall explain its business conditions as follows:
  1. Significant business matters: The Bank shall provide explanations of matters which have had a significant effect on business in the last five years, such as merger with, acquisition of, or otherwise combination with another company, investing in affiliated enterprises, reorganization, procurement or disposal of major assets, significant change in operation method or business activity, etc.
  2. Information on investment in overseas branch units, subsidiary banks, branch banks and offices: The Bank shall provide an overview of overseas enterprises and offices invested by it and of enterprises and offices invested by such overseas enterprises, specifying the original investment amount, investment gains/losses, cash dividends, such enterprise's endorsements and guarantees to and loans from outside, etc.
  3. Remuneration and related information on directors, supervisors, general manager, and vice general manager (Form 8):
    1. Transportation allowance and remuneration to each director and supervisor in the most recent accounting year. If a director concurrently acts as manager, the remuneration shall be respectively disclosed based on his/her position.
    2. Total salaries, cash awards, special allowance, and bonuses paid to the general manager and vice general manager in the most recent accounting year.
    3. If remuneration other than those described in the preceding two items, such as automobile, house, or other personal expenditures, is provided to directors, supervisors, general manger, or vice general manager, the name, position, the nature and cost of the assets provided, actual rental or rental imputed based on fair market price, and other payment shall be disclosed.
    4. Where any of the chairman, general manager, or manager in charge of finance or accounting of the Bank has during the past twelve months held a position at the accounting firm of a certified public accountant or an affiliated enterprise of such accounting firm, the name, position held, and period during which the position was held shall be disclosed. An "affiliated enterprise of a certified public accountant's accounting firm" as referred to in these Regulations means an enterprise in which accountants at the accounting firm of the certified public accountant hold more than 50% of the shares or hold more than half of the directors' positions, or those companies or institutions listed as affiliated enterprises in the external publications or printed materials of the accounting firm of the certified public accountant.
  4. Labor-management relations (Form 9):
    1. Significant employee welfare programs, the retirement system and status of implementation thereof, and arrangements between labor and management of the Bank shall be disclosed.
    2. Loss caused to the Bank by labor disputes during the last thee years shall be explained. Any amount already incurred or estimated likely to be incurred in the future and counter measures shall be also disclosed. If the amount cannot be reasonably estimated, such fact shall be explained.
Article 22     A Bank shall disclose the market value, dividends, and shareholding dispersion of securities issued by it:
  1. Market value information: If the securities of the Bank have been listed on a stock exchange or over-the-counter market, it shall disclose the highest and lowest trade price in each quarter of the last two years (Form 10).
  2. Dividend information: Information on the details of the dividend policy, the cash dividend per share distributed in the last two years, and the amount of dividends from earnings and capital reserves shall be provided. If there is any accumulated unpaid dividend, the amount thereof shall be disclosed. In case of any material change or expected material change in the dividend policy of the Bank, an explanation shall be given (Form 11).
  3. Shareholding dispersion: An explanation on the condition of dispersion of the common shares and preferred shares of the Bank on the balance sheet date shall be provided (Form 12).
  4. If the Bank distributes shares as a result of capital increase out of earnings or capital reserves, it shall further disclose the information of cash dividend and market value retroactively adjusted based on the number of shares after distribution.
  5. The Bank shall disclose the current period condition of transfer of shares and/or pledge of or change in equity interests of its directors, supervisors, managers, and shareholders holding 10% or more of its total shares (Form 13).
  6. If the Bank is approved to offer and issue securities by the shelf registration system, it shall disclose the approved amount and relevant information of the securities to be issued or already issued (Form 14).
  7. Where the Bank has issued or privately placed employee stock option certificates which are still in circulation and have not been exercised, it shall compile a disclosure statement based on the issuance dates, giving information on the total number of units issued, the total number of units still in circulation, the number of shares which may be purchased through options, the initial date on which the options may be exercised, the option purchase price, the exercise method, and the market value of common stocks (Form 15).
Article 25     A Bank shall in its financial reports disclose information on the professional fees of its certified public accountant and any change in its certified public accountant in accordance with these Regulations.
    The Bank shall in its financial reports disclose the following information on the professional fees of its certified public accountant:
  1. "Professional fees for auditing services" referred to herein means the professional fees paid by the Bank to a certified public accountant for auditing, review, and secondary reviews of financial reports, financial forecast reviews, and tax certification. Professional fees for non-auditing services means professional fees paid for other than the above services.
  2. When professional fees paid to a certified public accountant or the accounting firm of a certified public accountant or its affiliate enterprises for non-auditing services account for a proportion equal to one-quarter or more of the fees paid for auditing, or when fees paid for non-auditing services reach NT$500,000 or more, the amount of fees paid for both auditing and non-auditing services as well as the nature of the non-auditing services performed shall be disclosed (Form 22).
  3. When the Bank changes its accounting firm and the amount of fees paid for auditing services during the year in which the change is made are lower than for the previous year, the amount by which the fees decreased, the proportional decrease, and the reasons therefor shall be disclosed.
  4. When the amount of fees paid for auditing services is lower than for the previous year by 15 percent or more, the amount by which the fees decreased, the proportional decrease, and the reasons therefor shall be disclosed.
    If the Bank has replaced its certified public accountant in the last two years or in the subsequent period, it shall disclose the following information on the change in certified public accountant (Form 23):
  1. Regarding the former certified public accountant:
    1. Date of and cause for replacing the certified public accountant. Explain whether the certified public accountant voluntarily terminated or ceased accepting the engagement, or whether the Bank terminated or discontinued the appointment.
    2. If such former certified public accountant issued any audit report with other than an unqualified opinion during the preceding two years, the opinion and the reason shall be provided.
    3. Whether there is any different opinion between the Bank and the former certified public accountant with regard to accounting principles or practices, disclosure of financial reports, or auditing scope or steps.
    4. If there is any different opinion, a detailed explanation of the nature of each different opinion, the handling by the Bank (including whether or not the former certified public accountant has been authorized to give full reply to the successor accountant's inquiries on the difference of opinion) and the final result of the handling shall be provided.
    5. Where the former certified public accountant has notified the Bank that it lacks a sound internal control system so that the financial report is not reliable, or where the former certified public accountant has notified the Bank that he/she could not rely on the Bank's statement, or that he/she did not want to be associated with its financial report, such shall be disclosed.
    6. Where the former certified public accountant has notified the Bank that the auditing scope had to be expanded, or that there was data showing that if the auditing scope was expanded, the credibility of the financial report already issued or soon to be issued might be damaged, or where the former certified public accountant has notified the Bank that based on the collected data, the credibility of the financial report already issued or soon to be issued might be damaged, but where due to replacement of the certified public accountant or for other reason, the auditing scope was never expanded by the former certified public accountant, such shall be disclosed
  2. Regarding the successor certified public accountant:
    1. Name of the successor accounting firm and certified public accountant and date of engagement.
    2. Before the Bank officially engages the successor certified public accountant, if it inquired with such accountant about the accounting treatment method of a specific transaction or the applicable accounting principle and his/her possible opinion on the financial report, it shall disclose the matters it inquired about and the result thereof.
    3. The Bank shall consult with and obtain the written opinion of the successor certified public accountant in connection with any discrepancy of opinion between it and the former certified public and disclose the same.
  3. The Bank shall send a letter to the former certified public accountant regarding the matters provided in paragraph 3, subparagraph 1, and subparagraph 2, item 3, and notify such accountant to reply within 10 days if he/she has a different opinion. The Bank shall disclose the reply letter of the former certified public accountant.
Article 29     A Bank shall prepare and present consolidated financial statements covering affiliates in accordance with the Regulations Governing Preparation of Affiliation Reports, Consolidated Business Reports and Consolidated Financial Statements of Affiliated Enterprises promulgated by the competent authority.
Article 30     Changes in accounting procedures at a Bank shall be undertaken in accordance with the following rules:
  1. Changes in accounting principles:
    1. Where legitimate reasons require a change in accounting principles, at the end of the year prior to the projected change, the Bank shall set out the original accounting principles, the reason for changing to the proposed new accounting principles and their theoretical basis, concrete evidence that the new accounting principles will be superior to the old, and the cumulative projected effects of the changes in accounting principles and adoption of the new principles; the Bank shall seek a certified public accountant to provide an analysis of the reasonableness of each item and a review opinion, which shall be presented in a proposal to the board of directors for passage and thereafter submitted to the competent authority for approval and recordation.
    2. Where there are conditions as set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 8, paragraph 12, in which substantive difficulty prevents determination of the cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, the Bank shall set out the original accounting principles, the reason for changing to the proposed new accounting principles and their theoretical basis, concrete evidence that the new accounting principles will be superior to the old, and the reasons why the cumulative effect cannot be determined, and shall seek a certified public accountant to provide an analysis of the reasonableness of each item and a review opinion and to present opinion on the effects on the audit opinion for the year of the change to the new accounting principles, and thereafter proceed in accordance with the procedures set forth above.
    3. Except where the cumulative effect of the changes in accounting principles cannot be determined as set forth above, the Bank shall, within two months after the beginning of the year during which it changes to the new accounting principles, calculate the actual cumulative effect of the changes in accounting principles and submit the figure to the SFC for recordation following ratification by the board of directors. If the difference between the figures showing the actual cumulative effect and the projected cumulative effect differs by NT$10 million or more, the Bank shall present an analysis of the reasons for the difference between the two, request a certified public accountant's opinion on its reasonableness, and submit both to the competent authority.
    4. Where the circumstances in item 2 apply to a Bank, it shall disclose the effects of adopting the new accounting principles with respect to profits and losses for each relevant period in notes to the first quarter, semi-annual, third quarter, and annual financial reports in the year during which the new accounting principles are adopted.
    5. With the exception of purchases of new assets to which newly adopted accounting principles are applied, which may be exempted from application of the provisions of each of the preceding items, where any other changes in accounting principles have not been duly reported for approval and recordation prior to their adoption, the financial report for the year in which the new principles were adopted shall be rewritten, and the new principles may not be adopted until the year following approval and recordation of a supplementary report.
  2. Accounting estimates relating to changes in the estimated useful life of depreciable, depletable assets and the utility period of intangible assets shall be handled in accordance with items 1, 4, and 5 of the preceding subparagraph.
Article 31     A Bank shall bind in separate volumes the financial reports and related appendices to be submitted under Article 36 of the Securities and Exchange Act, with the common stock code printed on the upper right corner of the front cover of the financial reports and a registration form completed and attached thereto. The Bank shall submit the relevant documents to the competent authority, and simultaneously forward a copy to the Securities and Futures Institute for perusal by the public, and additionally to the Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation and Taiwan Securities Association if its stock is listed on the stock exchange, or the GreTai Securities Market and Taiwan Securities Association if its stock is traded on the over-the-counter market. The Bank shall also forward to the agencies in the preceding paragraph copies of the documents submitted under the preceding article.
Article 32     These Regulations shall enter into force on 1 January 2004.