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Sample Template for XXX Co., Ltd. Rules Governing Financial and Business Matters Between this Corporation and its Related Parties  CH

Amended Date： 2022.12.23 
Categories： Corporate Governance
Article Content Content Search Article No. Search Legal Basis Amended Article Legislative History Chinese
Article 1     To ensure sound financial and business interactions between this Corporation and its related parties and to prevent non arm's-length transactions and improper channeling of interests with respect to the purchase and sale of goods, the acquisition and disposal of assets, the provision of endorsements and guarantees, and loans of funds between this Corporation and its related parties, these Rules are adopted pursuant to Article 17 of the Corporate Governance Best-Practice Principles for TWSE/TPEx Listed Companies.
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Article 2     Except as otherwise provided by law and regulation or by the articles of incorporation, financial and business matters between this Corporation and any of its related parties shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of these Rules.
Article 3     The term “related party” referred herein shall be determined in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers.
    The term "affiliated enterprise" as used herein means an enterprise that, in accordance with Article 369-1 of the Company Act, exists independently and has either of the following relationships with this Corporation:
  1. A relationship of control or subordination.
  2. A relationship of mutual investment. In determining whether a relationship of control or subordination under the preceding subparagraph exists, the substance of the relationship shall be considered in addition to the legal form.
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Article 4     This Corporation shall establish an effective internal control system designed for transactions with related parties (including affiliated enterprises) in regard to its overall operational activities, and shall continue to review the system in order to adapt to changes in the internal and external environment and ensure that the system's design and operation remain effective.
    This Corporation shall ensure that any subsidiary develops an effective internal control system, taking into account the laws and regulations of the jurisdiction in which the subsidiary is located and the nature of its operations. For any related party that is not a public company, this Corporation shall still, in consideration of the degree of influence it has on this Corporation's business and finances, require that it develop effective systems for internal control and for managing financial, business, and accounting matters.
Article 5     In addition to implementing the adopted internal control system, this Corporation shall pay close attention to the following matters when exercising supervision over the operation and management of its affiliated enterprises:
  1. This Corporation shall obtain an appropriate number of director and supervisor seats in the affiliated enterprise in accordance with the percentage of the shares it holds.
  2. A director that this Corporation assigns to an affiliated enterprise shall regularly attend the affiliate's board meetings, and in order to monitor its operation, shall carefully review its corporate objectives and strategy, financial position, business performance, cash flows, and important contracts, as reported by the various members of the affiliate enterprise’s management. The director assigned to the affiliated enterprise shall ascertain the cause of any irregularity found, compile a record, and report the matter to the chairperson or general manager of this Corporation.
  3. A supervisor assigned to an affiliated enterprise by this Corporation shall supervise the affiliate's business operations, investigate its financial and business conditions, and review its books, records and audit reports, and may also request reports from the affiliate's board of directors or managerial officers. For any irregularity that may be found, the supervisor assigned to the affiliate shall ascertain the cause, compile a record, and report to the chairperson or general manager of this Corporation.
  4. This Corporation shall assign competent personnel to assume important positions at its affiliated enterprise, such general manager, financial officer, or internal audit officer, in order to assume the duties and responsibilities of management, decision-making, and supervision and evaluation.
  5. This Corporation, in consideration of the type of business, scale of operations, and number of personnel of a subsidiary, shall instruct the subsidiary in the procedures and methods for establishing an internal audit unit and adopting internal control system self-inspection operations.
  6. In addition to reviewing the audit reports or self-inspection reports submitted by each subsidiary, the internal audit personnel of this Corporation must also carry out audits of the subsidiaries on a scheduled or unscheduled basis. After audit findings and recommendations have been presented, they shall instruct the audited subsidiaries to make any necessary corrections, and shall prepare follow-up reports on a regular basis to ensure that the subsidiaries have taken appropriate corrective measures in a timely manner.
  7. Subsidiaries of this Corporation shall regularly (e.g., before the 15th day of each month) submit monthly financial statements for the preceding month, including balance sheets, income statements, statements of expenses, statements of cash flow and cash flow forecasts, accounts receivable aging schedules and statements of delinquent accounts receivable, aging inventory analyses, and statements of loans to others and endorsements/guarantees. In the event of irregularities, analysis reports shall also be submitted to allow management and control by this Corporation. Other affiliated enterprises shall also regularly (e.g., before the 15th day of each quarter) submit financial statements for the preceding quarter, including balance sheets and income statements, for analysis and review by this Corporation.
Article 6     A managerial officer of this Corporation may not concurrently serve as a managerial officer of any affiliated enterprise of this Corporation, and shall not operate the same type of business as this Corporation, either on the officer's own behalf or with another party, unless otherwise approved by a resolution of the board of directors. The division of powers and responsibilities between this Corporation and its affiliated enterprises with respect to personnel management shall be clearly identified, and personnel transfers between the two shall be avoided. However, where personnel support or transfer is indeed necessary, the scope of work, division of powers and responsibilities, and allocation of costs shall be specified in advance.
Article 7     This Corporation shall establish an effective system of communication with each affiliated enterprise with respect to financial and business matters, and to mitigate credit risks, shall regularly conduct comprehensive risk assessments of their banks, principal clients, and suppliers. With respect to an affiliated enterprise with which it has financial and business interactions, this Corporation shall especially maintain close control over material financial and business items for the purpose of risk management.
Article 8     Any loans or endorsements/guarantees between this Corporation and a related party shall be carefully assessed and carried out in compliance with the provisions of the Regulations Governing Loaning of Funds and Making of Endorsements/Guarantees by Public Companies and with the procedures prescribed by this Corporation regarding loans to others and provision of endorsements/guarantees.
    With respect to the provision of loans, endorsements, or guarantees between this Corporation and a related party, the matters set out below shall be closely reviewed, and results of the assessment submitted to the board of directors. Any loan of funds shall be made only by a resolution of the board of directors, and no other party may be authorized to decide on the matter. The board of directors, in accordance with the preceding paragraph, may authorize the chairperson to provide an endorsement or guarantee within a specific limit, provided it is subsequently submitted to and ratified by the next board meeting:
  1. The necessity and the reasonableness of the loan or the endorsement or guarantee. When funds are loaned or an endorsement or guarantee is made because of business dealings, an assessment shall be made of whether the amount of the loan or amount of the endorsement or guarantee is commensurate with the total amount of the business involved. When short-term financing is needed, the reasons for and the circumstances surrounding the loan shall be set out.
  2. A credit check and a risk assessment of the counterparty requesting the loan or the endorsement or guarantee.
  3. The effects on this Corporation's operational risk and financial position and the rights and interests of its shareholders.
  4. Whether collateral must be obtained, and an appraisal of its value.
    Any endorsement or guarantee provided pursuant to Article 5, paragraph 2 of the Regulations Governing Loaning of Funds and Making of Endorsements/Guarantees by Public Companies between any subsidiaries in which this Corporation directly or indirectly holds 90 percent or more of the voting shares shall first be submitted for a resolution by the board of directors of this Corporation, except when an endorsement or guarantee is provided between companies in which this Corporation directly or indirectly holds 100 percent of the voting shares.
    Any proposed loan between this Corporation and its parent or a subsidiary, or between its subsidiaries, shall be submitted for a resolution by the board of directors. The chairperson may also be authorized, with respect to a specific borrowing counterparty, and within a limit resolved by the board of directors and a period not to exceed 1 year, to provide an accreting loan or to make available a revolving line of credit.
    The board of directors shall give full consideration to each independent director's opinion with respect to loans, endorsements, or guarantees between this Corporation and any of its related parties. Specific opinions by independent directors expressing assent or dissent, and the reasons for dissent, shall be included in the minutes of board meetings.
    When a loan of funds for short-term financing is necessary between any two foreign companies in which this Corporation directly or indirectly holds 100 percent of the voting shares, the loan amount is not subject to the restriction of 40 percent of the net worth of the company making the loan. The amount of an endorsement or guarantee between two companies in which this Corporation directly or indirectly holds 90 percent or more of the voting shares may not exceed 10 percent of this Corporation's net worth, except for endorsements or guarantees between two companies in which this Corporation directly or indirectly holds 100 percent of the voting shares.
    This Corporation shall properly implement subsequent control measures with respect to loans or endorsements or guarantees. When there is a likelihood of overdue claims or the occurrence of loss, this Corporation shall adopt appropriate conservatory measures to safeguard its rights and interests.
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Article 9     Price terms and payment methods shall be expressly stipulated for any business interaction between this Corporation and any related party. The purpose, pricing, and terms of a transaction, and its formal and substantive nature and the related handling procedures, shall not differ markedly from those of a normal transaction with a non-related party, nor may they be obviously unreasonable.
    When business needs require the purchase of finished products, semi-finished products, or materials from a related party, purchasing personnel shall thoroughly evaluate the fairness of the price quoted by the related party based on market prices and other transaction terms and conditions. Except in special circumstances, or given advantageous conditions that differ from those of ordinary suppliers, under which the granting of preferential pricing or terms of payment can be reasonably stipulated, any other prices and payment terms shall be commensurate with those offered to ordinary suppliers.
    Price quotes for the sale of any finished products, semi-finished products, or materials to related party shall be made with reference to current market prices. Except in cases of long-term cooperation or other special factors that are different from ordinary clients, under which reasonable stipulations may be made to grant preferential pricing or terms of payment, any other prices and payment terms shall be commensurate with those offered to ordinary clients.
    For professional or technical services provided between this Corporation and a related party, both parties shall enter into a contract stipulating the scope of the services, fees charged, time period, payment terms, and after-sales service. The contract shall be implemented after approval by the general manager or the chairperson of this Corporation, and all contract terms and conditions shall comply with normal business practice.
    By the end of each month, the accounting personnel of both this Corporation and its related parties shall perform cross checks of the purchases and sales of goods between them for the preceding month and the related balances of accounts payable and receivable. If any discrepancies are found, accounting personnel shall identify the cause and prepare a reconciliation statement.
Article 9-1     For purchases and sales of goods, professional or technical services provided between this Corporation and a Related Party, the transaction amount of which during a whole year is expected to be five percent of this Corporation’s most recent total consolidated assets or net value of consolidated business income in the most recent year, in addition that the Regulations Governing the Acquisition and Disposal of Assets by Public Companies shall apply, or other than the transactions between this Corporation and its parent company or subsidiary or between its subsidiaries, the following information shall be submitted to the board of directors for approval before the transactions may proceed:
  1. Items, purpose, necessity, and projected benefits of the transactions.
  2. The reason for choosing the related party as a trading counterparty.
  3. The calculation principle of the transaction price and the projected limit of annual transaction value.
  4. Description of whether transaction terms are consistent with regular commercial terms and that these terms will not damage the company interest or shareholder equity.
  5. Restrictions on transaction and other important terms and conditions.
    The following particulars about the transactions with related parties in the preceding paragraph shall be reported at the next shareholders’ meeting after the end of a year:
  1. Actual transaction value and terms and conditions.
  2. Whether the calculation principle of the transaction price approved by the board of directors has been followed.
  3. Whether the total value is under the limit on annual transaction value approved by the board of directors. If the total amount is above the limit, describe the reason, necessity, and fairness.
Article 10     Any asset transaction, derivative trading, merger, demerger, acquisition, or share transfer between this Corporation and a related party shall be conducted in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Acquisition and Disposal of Assets by Public Companies and the procedures for acquisition and disposal of assets prescribed by this Corporation.
    When this Corporation makes an acquisition of securities from or a disposition of securities to a related party, or an acquisition of securities whose underlying is the stock of an affiliated enterprise, it shall, before the date of occurrence, obtain the financial statements of the issuing company for the most recent period, audited and attested or reviewed by a certified public accountant (CPA), for reference in appraising the transaction price. If the amount of the transaction is 20 percent or more of this Corporation's paid-in capital, 10 percent of its total assets, or NT$300 million or more, it shall also, before the date of occurrence, request a CPA to provide an opinion on the fairness of the transaction price, except for securities quoted on an active market or as otherwise required by the Financial Supervisory Commission.
    When this Corporation engages in the acquisition of intangible assets or its right-of-use assets or memberships from or their disposition to any of its related parties, if the amount of the transaction is 20 percent or more of this Corporation's paid-in capital, 10 percent of its total assets, or NT$300 million or more, it shall, before the date of occurrence, request a CPA to provide an opinion on the fairness of the transaction price.
    Amount of transaction in the preceding two paragraphs shall be calculated in accordance with Article 31, paragraph 2 of the Regulations Governing the Acquisition and Disposal of Assets by Public Companies.
Article 11     When this Corporation intends to conduct any acquisition or disposal of real property or its right-of-use assets from or to any of its related parties, or to conduct an acquisition or disposal of assets other than real property or its right-of-use assets from or to any of its related parties in which the transaction amount is furthermore 20 percent or more of this Corporation's paid-in capital, 10 percent of its total assets, or NT$300 million or more, with the exception of the purchase or sale of government bonds, repo or reverse repo bond transactions, or subscription to or repurchase of money market funds issued by domestic securities investment trust enterprises, it shall have the following matters approved by the board of directors and recognized by the supervisors before it may enter into a contract for the transaction and pay the required monies:
  1. An appraisal issued by a professional appraiser as required by regulations, or a CPA opinion.
  2. The purpose, necessity, and projected benefits of the acquisition or disposal of real property.
  3. The reason for choosing the related party as a trading counterparty.
  4. Information relating to appraisal of the reasonableness of the preliminary transaction terms when acquiring real property from a related party in accordance with Articles 16 and 17 of the Regulations Governing the Acquisition and Disposal of Assets by Public Companies.
  5. The date and price at which the real property was originally acquired by the related party, the trading counterparty, and the trading counterparty's relationship with this Corporation and its related party.
  6. Monthly cash flow forecasts for a full year commencing from the scheduled month of contract signing, and an evaluation of the necessity of the transaction and the reasonableness of the utilization of funding.
  7. Any restrictions on the transaction and other important stipulations.
  8. An opinion issued by a CPA engaged to review whether the transaction with the related party conforms with ordinary commercial terms and whether it is not damaging to the interests of this Corporation and its minority shareholders.
    When the amount of the transaction involving acquisition or disposal or real property, equipment or its right-of-use assets under the preceding paragraph is 20 percent or more of this Corporation's paid-in capital, 10 percent of its total assets, or NT$300 million or more, this Corporation shall obtain an appraisal report issued by a professional appraiser. If the discrepancy between the appraisal result and the transaction amount is 20 percent or more of the transaction amount, this Corporation shall additionally request a CPA to provide a specific opinion regarding the reason for the discrepancy and the appropriateness of the transaction price, and it shall be approved by a majority of the directors in attendance at a board of directors meeting attended by two-thirds or more of the directors.
    In an acquisition of real property or its right-of-use assets from a related party, if the actual transaction price is higher than the appraised transaction cost, and no objective evidence can be presented and no concrete opinion that the transaction is reasonable can be obtained from a professional appraiser and a CPA, the board of directors shall thoroughly review the transaction and determine whether it may prejudice the rights and interests of this Corporation and its shareholders, and when necessary, shall refuse to enter into the transaction. The supervisors shall also exercise their supervisory powers in respect of such a transaction, and when necessary shall notify the board of directors to stop the transaction.
    When a transaction as described under the preceding paragraph has been approved by the board of directors and recognized by the supervisors, this Corporation shall set aside a special reserve against the difference between the transaction price and the appraised cost, and may not distribute the difference or use it for capital increase or for issuance of bonus shares. In addition, this Corporation shall report the handling of the above transaction to the shareholders meeting and shall disclose the details of the transaction in the annual report and any prospectus.
    When [any of] the following circumstances is present in a transaction with a related party, after passage by the board of directors, the information described under the subparagraphs of the first paragraph shall also be submitted to the shareholders meeting for passage of a resolution, and a shareholder that is an interested party shall not participate in the voting:
  1. This Corporation or its subsidiary that is not a domestic listed company has performed the transaction in the first paragraph, and the amount of the transaction is 10 percent or more of this Corporation’s total assets.
  2. According to the Company Act, this Corporation’s articles of incorporation, or the regulations on internal operating procedure, the amount or the terms of the transaction will have a material effect on this Corporation's operations or shareholder equity.
    If this Corporation has performed a transaction under the first paragraph with a related party, information about the actual transaction (including the actual price and terms of the transaction, and the information described in the subparagraphs of the first paragraph) should be reported at the next shareholders’ meeting after the end of a year.
    If this Corporation has established an audit committee, matters to be recognized by the supervisors as required under this article shall be approved by the majority of all members of the audit committee and shall be resolved at the board of directors, and the provisions of Article 6, paragraphs 4 and 5 of the Regulations Governing the Acquisition and Disposal of Assets by Public Companies shall apply mutatis mutandis.
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Article 12     With respect to any financial or business interaction between this Corporation and any related party that requires a resolution of the board of directors, full consideration shall be given to each independent director's opinion. Specific opinions by independent directors expressing assent or dissent, and the reasons for dissent, shall be included in the minutes of board meetings.
    When a director him/herself or the corporation he/she represents is an interested party with respect to a particular agenda item and there is a likelihood that the company's interest may be compromised, that director shall enter into recusal and may neither participate in the discussion of nor vote on that item nor exercise voting rights as proxy for another director. Directors shall maintain self-discipline among themselves and may not enter into relationships of inappropriate mutual support with other directors.
    If a director's spouse, blood relatives within the 2nd degree of relationship, or a company controlled by that director is an interested party with respect to an agenda item as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, the director him/herself will be deemed as an interested party with respect to that agenda item.
    Upon discovering that, in the course of their duties, the board of directors or a director has committed a violation of law or regulation, the articles of incorporation, or a shareholders meeting resolution, a supervisor shall immediately notify the board of directors or the individual director to cease the misconduct, and shall take appropriate measures to curb expansion of the misconduct. When necessary, a supervisor shall also file a report with the relevant regulatory authority or agency.
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Article 13     This Corporation, in compliance with the requirements of laws and regulations regarding matters that must be publicly disclosed or filed and the deadlines for so doing, shall make timely arrangements for the provision by each subsidiary of required financial and business information, or to retain CPAs to audit or review the financial reports of each subsidiary.
    This Corporation shall publicly disclose the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, and CPA secondary review reports covering affiliated enterprises by the deadlines for the filing of the annual financial reports under applicable laws and regulations. Information on any increase, decrease, or other change in affiliated enterprises shall be filed with the TWSE or TPEx within 2 days of the change.
    Information on any material transaction between this Corporation and a related party shall be fully disclosed in the annual report, financial statements, the three reporting forms for affiliated enterprises, and prospectuses.
    If a related party experiences financial difficulties, this Corporation shall obtain its financial statements and related materials in order to assess the resulting effect on the finances, business, or operations of this Corporation, and when necessary, appropriate conservatory measures shall be adopted to safeguard this Corporation's rights as a creditor. Under the above circumstances, in addition to specifying the resulting effect on this Corporation's financial position in its annual report and prospectus, this Corporation shall also make a timely announcement of material information on the Market Observation Post System (MOPS).
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Article 14     When any of the following circumstances applies to an affiliated enterprise, this Corporation shall make a public disclosure and regulatory filing on its behalf:
  1. For a subsidiary whose shares have not been publicly issued domestically, the dollar amount of the subsidiary’s acquisition or disposal of assets, endorsements or guarantees for others, and loans of funds to others meets the criteria for public disclosure and regulatory filing.
  2. The parent or the subsidiary undergoes bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings pursuant to applicable laws and regulations.
  3. A major policy is adopted by resolution of the affiliated enterprise’s board of directors that has a material effect on the rights and interests of the shareholders or the securities prices of this Corporation.
  4. Any matter regarding a subsidiary or the unlisted (neither TWSE nor TPEx listed) parent of this Corporation constitutes material information required to be announced under the provisions of the Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation Procedures for Verification and Disclosure of Material Information of Companies with Listed Securities and of the GreTai Securities Market Procedures for Verification and Disclosure of Material Information of Companies with TPEx Listed Securities.
    If the parent of this Corporation is a foreign company, this Corporation shall make a filing of the following information on its behalf before the opening of trading hours on the first business day following the day on which this Corporation becomes aware of the information or on which there is media reporting of the information:
  1. A material change in shareholder equity.
  2. A material change in business policy.
  3. A material disaster resulting in serious reduction or complete cessation of production.
  4. A material effect on the rights and interests of shareholders or the parent's operations resulting from a change in the laws, regulations, or rules of the parent’s home country.
  5. Mass media reporting about the parent sufficient to affect the securities prices of this Corporation.
  6. The occurrence of any other material event that, pursuant to the laws or regulations of the foreign company's home country, must be filed immediately.
Article 15     These Rules, and any amendments hereto, shall be implemented after adoption by the board of directors.